Using a planer, plan perpendicular surfaces, form chamfers at the ends of the workpiece at a given slope. Devices with similar functionality are manufactured by Jet, Zauber, Dewalt, Makita, Felisatti and some others.
Units are quite simple to use, they allow to produce wooden parts of the right size.
Types
Depending on the number of cutting elements, jointer can be single-sided or double-sided. Equipment may differ in other characteristics:
- the width of the planing surface (400 mm, 500-520 mm, 600-630 mm);
- countertop length (up to 2500 mm, 2500-3000 mm);
- frequency of revolutions of a knife shaft (4700–4800 rpm, 5000 rpm).
Home tools are compact, the processing width is less than that of industrial designs. Long countertops allow you to plan large-sized workpieces, while improving quality. An engine mounted on an industrial machine can exhibit a high rotational speed of up to 12,000 rpm. The motor component household appliance has lower performance.
Work principles
One-sided planing machines designed for small private workshops can be operated by a single operator. Lumber is laid convex side up on the front half of the countertop. In this case, the workpiece is held with two hands, fed to the cutting element. The processed part of the board is pressed with the left hand to the back of the desktop. Planing of each side is performed 1-2 times depending on the initial state of the wood.
When processing the perpendicular sides with a one-sided machine, first, a large area plane is fed to the planer. The double-sided unit allows you to trim two planes simultaneously. The fact that the knife is dull, requires sharpening or a change, is indicated by defects in the form of mossiness, arson on the surface of the board. Parts with a length of less than 400 mm and a width of not more than 30 mm are held by pushers when feeding to the planer. If the workpiece has a complex configuration, it is held by templates.
If, after sawing, the surface of the board becomes curved, takes the shape of an impeller, it is necessary to establish a planer, to reconcile the level of the plates, the knife shaft.
Wood dust can be removed with an industrial vacuum cleaner pre-installed on the equipment.
Setup Rules
It is best to lay parts 1–1.5 m long on the machine for further processing. If the workpiece is shorter, it can slip out from under the knife and injure the operator. Too long lumber is inconvenient in planing. Getting started, you need to determine the thickness of the removed layer of wood. In the case of equipment equipped with auto-feed, you must set the speed.
The thickness of the layer to be removed is determined by eye or after a trial planing. If untouched areas are visible after the sawing cycle, the table needs to be lowered a little. With errors of more than 2.5 mm, two cutting cycles are performed. After setting the height, the distance between the edges of the knives and plates is measured. The optimum clearance is 2-3 mm. If the parameters are exceeded, the wood will be torn in pieces, with a slit up to 2 mm, the cutter is deformed.
It is also necessary to determine the location of the guide rail. The distance between it and the left edge of the knife shaft should exceed the width of the bar. If the knife becomes dull, the ruler will move to the right side, engaging all segments of the torch. To make an angular chamfer on the edge, the guide is mounted using a square.
The correctness of the adjustment of devices and mechanisms is determined empirically. In this case, the maximum permissible errors are taken into account (plane - 0.15 mm per 1 m, perpendicular - 0.1 mm per 10 cm).
Models
When choosing equipment, you need to consider the size of the workpiece, the amount of work performed. If you plan to process small bars, you can purchase a compact model with a capacity of 4 kW. For large lumber, a higher power unit with a high-performance engine will be needed.
- Jointing machines "Kraton"
The Kraton model WMPT-260 (39 300 rubles) performs planing and thicknessing, has a power of 1500 watts, is compact, equipped with automatic feeding of blanks.
- Jointer JET
Combined machines JET JPT-10B (34 000 rubles) with a power of 1.5 kW are small in size, the ability to extend the working surface.
JET JPT-310 machines (80 000 rubles) have a power of 5 kW, differ in double insulation of the engine. It is possible to connect a vacuum cleaner.
Jointing machine JET Jointer 6 ’’ (193 000 rubles) with a capacity of 3.5 kW is equipped with a shaft with 48 knives. This equipment for planing and thicknessing.
- SF-4 machines
The one-sided jointing unit SF-4 (179,000 rubles) has a two-knife round shaft, making 5000 rpm. A three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor is installed on the machine.
- Machine Holzstar ADH 305
The planer jointer-planer unit with a power of 1.8 kW is equipped with two knives, a rubberized output shaft. The average price is 44 900 rubles.
- Trademark Corvette
Series 106 (29 960 rubles) with a power of 1.5 kW is equipped with special pushers, a shaft with three knives.
Sample Encore Corvette-24 (18,130 rubles) has a power of 1.25 kW, allows you to quickly switch planing from the thicknessing mode to the planer.
- Machine tools MB5026
A one-sided model of MB5026 (54,900 rubles) of Chinese production is equipped with a shaft with three cutters, has a power of 3 kW.
- Trademark Scheppach
Scheppach HT-1050 planer planers (23,000 rubles) with a power of 1.5 kW and a capacity of 9000 rpm demonstrate reliable operation and clean processing of lumber.
A sample of Scheppach HT-850 (17,000 rubles) combined with a 1.25 kW engine is compact and allows you to get a smooth workpiece surface.
The jointer HT-650 (18 020 rubles) is equipped with an engine of 1.28 kW, has a mobile design, provides for the manual supply of lumber.
Manufacturer | Model | Power, W | Average price, rub |
Kraton | WMPT-260 | 1500 | 39 300 |
Jet | JPT-10B | 1500 | 34 000 |
JPT-310 | 5000 | 80 000 | |
Jointer 6 ’’ | 3500 | 193 000 | |
Kurgan Woodworking Machine Plant | SF-4 | 2800 | 179 000 |
Holzstar | ADH 305 | 1800 | 44 900 |
Corvette | 106 | 1500 | 29 960 |
Ankor Corvette 24 | 1250 | 18 130 | |
— | MB5026 | 3000 | 54 900 |
Scheppach | HT-1050 | 1500 | 23 000 |
HT-850 | 1250 | 17 000 | |
HT-650 | 1280 | 18 020 | |
Makita | 2012NB | 1650 | 41 000 |
Dewalt | D27300 | 1600 | 78 900 |
The price of Makita and DeWalt machines depends on the type of device and its configuration. The Makita 2012NB planer and planer has a capacity of 1.65 kW, the price is about 41,000 rubles. A DeWalt D27300 machine with a power of 1600 W costs 78 900 rubles.
Video with an overview of the jointer Encore Corvette-24.